GCSE Biology Question Analysis Topic: Biology - Enzyme
Explain the different steps carried out in polymerase chain reaction, and the specific roles of the enzymes used.
Answer:
For GCSE Biology, you should know:
The three steps of a polymerase chain reaction are as follows:
Denaturation: When heated to 92°C, denaturation occurs, in which the two DNA strands of the template DNA split from one another.
Annealing: The primers bind to the 3' end of individual DNA strands.
Extension: DNA polymerase extends the primers by adding nucleotides to create whole DNA strands.
Enzymes called DNA polymerases put together nucleotides to form new DNA molecules. The polymerase reads the existing DNA strands during DNA replication before creating new complementary DNA strands in a semi-conservative manner.
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