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IBDP Biology- Circulatory System

Topic 6.2- Blood system circulation

· IBDP BIOLOGY,IB,Heart

In this IBDP Blog Post, we will look at:

  • The human circulatory system
  • Double circulation
  • Structure of heart
  • Blood flow

William Harvey's discovery and Circulatory Systems 

  • Bloodflow through vessels is unidirectional with valves to prevent backflow
  • The heart pumps blood out of the arteries and that blood returns to the heart through veins
  • Predicted that many fine vessels link arteries to veins these vessels are within the tissues of the body

Single Circulatory System - Fish

Blood passes through the heart once. Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is mixed

Double Circulatory System - Mammals

Blood passes through the heart twice. Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is not mixed 

Heart Structure

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4 major blood vessels

  • Vena Cava
  • Pulmonary Artery
  • Pulmonary Vein
  • Aorta

4 Valves

  • Semilunar valve (Pulmonary Artery)
  • Semilunar valve (Aorta)
  • Tricuspid valve in right ventricle
  • Bicuspid valve in left ventricle 

Blood Flow 

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From the lungs oxygenated blood enters the pulmonary vein which enters the heart through the left atrium 

Blood flows from the left atrium to the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve

Blood is pumped to the body via the Aorta

From the body deoxygenated blood enters the Vena Cava which enters the heart through the right atrium

Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve

Blood is pumped to the lungs via the Pulmonary Artery to be oxygenated 

The Steps of Double Circulation 

Pulmonary Circulation (between heart and lungs)

  • Deoxygenated

 blood from the heart to the lungs

  • Oxygated 

blood from the lungs to the heart

Systemic Circulation (between the heart and body)

  • Oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
  • Deoxygnated blood from the body to the heart

1. Deoxyganted blood enters the heart by the right atrium

2. Moves from the right atrium to the right ventricle and is pumped to the lungs where CO2 is offloaded and oxygen is picked up

3. Oxygenated blood enters the left atrium 

2. Moves from the left atrium to the left ventricle where it is pumped to the body

3. Oxygen is used for respiration and carbon dioxide is collected as a waste product

4. The blood is now dexygenated and moves to the right atrium and the cycle starts again 

That's the end of this topic, well done!

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Drafted by Venetia (Biology)

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