In this IBDP Biology blog post, it will include part two of the functions and structures associated with carbohydrates in our every day lives.
Function of glucose, lactose and glycogen in plants
Fructose – fount in many fruits (makes them sweets), good source of energy, e.g. honey and onions
Sucrose – often transported from leaves of plants to other locations in plants by vascular tissue, used primarily as a transportable energy (e.g. sugar beets, sugar cane)
Cellulose – one of the primary components of plant cell walls, a strengthening component of the cell wall
Role of condensation and hydrolysis in the relationships between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides
Condensation (dehydration) – occur when molecules are covalently joined together and water is formed as a by product, between the three hydroxyl groups of glycerol and the carboxyl groups of three fatty acids (forming triglyceride + three molecules of water)
- Bond between the glycerol and the fatty acids is an ester linkage
- Phospholipid is formed when one of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group
- Carbohydrates
– glycosidic linkage (name of the bond)
Hydrolysis – requires a water molecule to break a covalent bond two subunits
- Monosaccharides are single monomers that are joined to form disaccharides
- Polysaccharides are sugars containing multiple subunits (more than 10)
That is all for the end of part 2!
References:
- https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fib.bioninja.com.au%2Fstandard-level%2Ftopic-2-molecular-biology%2F23-carbohydrates-and-lipids%2Fsugar-polymers.html&psig=AOvVaw2cQiVE_icfmnm-WPziXebz&ust=1627582093299000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCMiNtPethvICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ
- https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbiologicalmolecules.weebly.com%2Fhydrolysis--condensation-synthesis.html&psig=AOvVaw1EsOnDHI_474dC_eqJVK-c&ust=1627582168353000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCOCzgJ-uhvICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
Drafted by Venetia (Biology)