TUTTEE ACADEMY LOGO
broken image
  • Home
  • About Us
  • Subjects 
    • CHEMISTRY
    • BIOLOGY
    • PHYSICS
    • MATHEMATICS
    • PSYCHOLOGY
    • ECONOMICS
    • BUSINESS
    • COMPUTER SCIENCE
    • CHINESE
    • ENGLISH
    • SPANISH
    • IBDP IA / EE
    • IBDP TOK
    • ONLINE TUTORIAL
  • Exam Boards 
    • IBDP
    • IBMYP
    • IGCSE & GCSE
    • HKDSE
    • GCE A-LEVELS
  • Courses 
    • IBDP Tuition
    • GCE A-Level Tuition
    • IBMYP Tuition
    • I/GCSE Tuition
    • HKDSE Tuition
  • Admission Test Prep 
    • PREDICTED GRADE
    • SAT / SSAT
    • UKISET (UK)
    • BMAT
    • UKCAT / UCAT
    • LNAT
    • TMUA (Cambridge)
  • Student Results 
    • IBDP STUDENT RESULTS
    • IGCSE & GCSE MATHEMATICS
    • A-LEVEL STUDENT RESULTS
    • IGCSE STUDENT RESULTS
    • GCSE STUDENT RESULTS (UK)
    • HKDSE STUDENT RESULTS
    • OUR STORIES
  • Question Bank
  • Resources
SCHEDULE A LESSON NOW

 

I/GCSE Chemistry: Periodicity of group three element

Periodicity

· periodicity,igcse chemistry,chemistry

Periodicity

In I/GCSE Chemistry, regular periodic variation of properties of element with atomic number and position in Periodic Table.

Trends across period 3 and its physical properties

1)ATOMIC RADIUS: DECREASES

  • Increased nuclear charge pulls electrons towards it
  • Same number of inner shells and so electron shielding hardly changes
  • Electrons are filling same shell, so nuclear attraction draws outer shell inwards slightly

2) 1st IONISATION ENERGY: INCREASES

  • Number of protons increases, so there’s more nuclear attraction acting on electrons
  • More energy is needed to remove an electron

Excepts:

  • Mg → Al- there’s a decrease (removing electron from a higher energy sub level)
  • P → S- Increases distance of outermost shell from nucleus
  • Increased electrons shielding of outermost shell by inner shells

    3)ELECTRONEGATIVITY: INCREASES

    • The larger the atomic number, the more electronegative the atom is
    • Increase in nuclear charge
    • Bonding pairs of electrons will be found closer to atom’s nucleus
    • Atoms attract bonding pairs of electrons MORE strongly

    4)ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY:

    • Na (1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1) = 1 d.e per atom
    • Mg (1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2) = 2 d.e per atom
    • l (1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1) = 3 d.e per atom
    • Aluminium is a BETTER conductor as it has MORE electrons in its delocalised sea

    • P, S, Cl, Ar- are NON-METALS and have NO ABILITY to delocalise electrons. They can’t conduct electricity under any circumstances. Silicon is a METALLOID- a semi-conductor

    5) MELTING + BOILING POINT: INCREASES

    Region 1: Na → Al (metals)

    • More delocalised electrons
    • Stronger metallic bonding

    Region 2: Si (giant covalent structure)

    • Strong covalent bonds needed to be broken down
    • Requires lots of energy to do this

    Region 3: P, S, Cl (non=polar molecules)

    • Weak VDW forces holding molecules together
    • S has larger molecules with more electrons than P

    Region 4: Ar (noble gas- thonoatomic)

    • VDW forces between atoms are small

    That's all~

    broken image

    CLICK HERE TO LEARN MORE ABOUT OUR I/GCSE CHEMISTRY COURSES

    SIGNUP FOR I/GCSE CHEMISTRY TRIAL NOW!
    Subscribe
    Previous
    AS/A-level Physics: Current of electricity
    Next
    I/GCSE Chemistry: Periodicity of group seven element
     Return to site
    Profile picture
    Cancel
    Cookie Use
    We use cookies to improve browsing experience, security, and data collection. By accepting, you agree to the use of cookies for advertising and analytics. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Learn More
    Accept all
    Settings
    Decline All
    Cookie Settings
    Necessary Cookies
    These cookies enable core functionality such as security, network management, and accessibility. These cookies can’t be switched off.
    Analytics Cookies
    These cookies help us better understand how visitors interact with our website and help us discover errors.
    Preferences Cookies
    These cookies allow the website to remember choices you've made to provide enhanced functionality and personalization.
    Save