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In this I/GCSE Chemistry blog post, we will look at:
- Ionic bonds
- How metallic crystals are formed
IONIC BONDS
- Oppositely charged ions (one positive, one negative) have a strong attraction for one another.
- An ionic bond is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
- Ionic crystals form giant three-dimensional arrays of ions.
- When an atom loses electrons and forms a positive ion, the net positive charge pulls the structure inwards strongly and the ion is smaller than a negatively charged ion of similar atomi mass.
MIXED BONDING
- Some compounds contain both covalent and ionic bonds. This is particularly true of some organic compounds.
- Many organic compounds are covalent, such as hydrocarbons.
- However, some contain groups of atoms that can form ions.
METALLIC CRYSTALS
- Thus metals consist of giant structures where the electrons in the highest occupied energy levels are free to move through the structure.
The free electrons:
- hold the atoms together in a regular structure
- allow the atoms to slide over each other
- allow the metal to conduct heat and electricity.
Metals, diamonds and graphite are examples of giant arrays of atoms.
- Sodium chloride is an example of a giant array of ions.
That is all!
References:
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chemistrylearner.com%2Fchemical-bonds%2Fionic-bond&psig=AOvVaw17LfG02tCNiRT3vpy5eKD1&ust=1628181460916000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCPDHluLml_ICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fqsstudy.com%2Fchemistry%2Fdefine-metallic-crystals&psig=AOvVaw2XTB1pqEJ2dAp6TuEpofaL&ust=1628181509306000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCPDQ1Pbml_ICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD