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I/GCSE Chemistry- Cation Practical

Triple and Double Award practicals

· igcse chemistry

For this I/GCSE Chemistry blog post, we will be looking at how to carry out experiments solely for cations.

Tests for Cations  

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Lithium- crimson red flame

Sodium- yellow orange flame

Potassium- lilac flame

Calcium- brick red flame

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To do these tests you need a clean platinum loop

  • to know its clean add HCl and then burn it until the flame is transparent, then you can dip it into the sample.

Many metal hydroxides are insoluble and precipitate out of solution when formed- they have characteristic colours. So you add a few drops of NaOH forming a insoluble hydroxide.

Cu + 2OH - Cu(OH)2 = Blue

(II)Fe + 2OH - Fe(OH)2 = Studgy green

(III)Fe + 3OH - Fe(OH)3 = reddish brown

You can check fro ammonia gas (NH3) using a damp piece of red litmus paper, if there is ammonia present it will turn blue. 

  • Ammonia gas is also smelly but it's not a good idea to smell it as its very harmful to your eyes  

That is all for this post!

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References:

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.revisechemistry.uk%2FGCSE%2FAQA%2FC8-ChemicalAnalysis%2Ftestingforions.html&psig=AOvVaw3npkArRVRkkS31bB3JCFeM&ust=1627960115280000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCPi7u-mukfICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fncert.nic.in%2Fpdf%2Fpublication%2Fsciencelaboratorymanuals%2FclassXII%2Fchemistry%2Flelm107.pdf&psig=AOvVaw0uhUqFlOUZbhLNqaL3nDRI&ust=1627960170829000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCKjQ4K-ukfICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAS

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