·
In I/GCSE Biology, it is important to remember the topic regarding mitosis and meiosis. Let's get started!!!! 😁
Water Transport
- Water and substances dissolved in the water are transported around plants in veins. Veins contains vessels called xylem and phloem.
It's important to distinguish between xylem and phloem in I/GCSE Biology!
Xylem:
- Carries water and dissolved mineral ions up to the leaves
Phloem:
- Sucrose is dissolved in water and carried up and down the plant
![broken image](http://custom-images.strikinglycdn.com/res/hrscywv4p/image/upload/c_limit,fl_lossy,h_9000,w_1200,f_auto,q_auto/4936730/352632_341134.jpeg)
Transpiration ➡️ the evaporation of water from inside leaves out into the air.
- It causes water to move up the plant from the roots and causes more water to enter the roots by osmosis.
![broken image](http://custom-images.strikinglycdn.com/res/hrscywv4p/image/upload/c_limit,fl_lossy,h_9000,w_1200,f_auto,q_auto/4936730/687013_793378.png)
Climatic factors that impact transpiration:
- High temperature
- Light
- Wind
- Low humidity
![broken image](http://custom-images.strikinglycdn.com/res/hrscywv4p/image/upload/c_limit,fl_lossy,h_9000,w_1200,f_auto,q_auto/4936730/680536_120972.jpeg)
Diffusion, active transport and osmosis
In I/GCSE Biology, you should understand these basic concepts!!!!!
Diffusion:
- Move along concentration gradient
- No energy needed
- High to low
![broken image](http://custom-images.strikinglycdn.com/res/hrscywv4p/image/upload/c_limit,fl_lossy,h_9000,w_1200,f_auto,q_auto/4936730/908829_209126.jpeg)
Active transport:
- Move against concentration gradient
- Energy needed
![broken image](http://custom-images.strikinglycdn.com/res/hrscywv4p/image/upload/c_limit,fl_lossy,h_9000,w_1200,f_auto,q_auto/4936730/519732_333965.jpeg)
Osmosis
- Osmosis is the diffusion of molecules from a high to a low concentration across a partially permeable membrane.
- It is a special case of diffusion, the diffusion of water.
Partially permeable ➡️ only lets in certain substances (cell membrane)
![broken image](http://custom-images.strikinglycdn.com/res/hrscywv4p/image/upload/c_limit,fl_lossy,h_9000,w_1200,f_auto,q_auto/4936730/289983_598201.png)
How are root hair cells adapted to take up water by osmosis?
- Have long extensions that increase surface area
- Large surface area where osmosis can take place
![broken image](http://custom-images.strikinglycdn.com/res/hrscywv4p/image/upload/c_limit,fl_lossy,h_9000,w_1200,f_auto,q_auto/4936730/67888_201262.jpeg)
And we're done with this topic! Well Done!
![broken image](http://custom-images.strikinglycdn.com/res/hrscywv4p/image/upload/c_limit,fl_lossy,h_9000,w_1200,f_auto,q_auto/4936730/518822_369690.png)
Drafted by Alyssa (Biology)
References:
- "Xylem and Phloem", https://www.sciencefacts.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Xylem-and-Phloem.jpg
- "Transpiration", https://image.shutterstock.com/image-vector/transpiration-vector-illustration-labeled-educational-260nw-1691929285.jpg
- "What does transpiration rate depend", https://i.pinimg.com/originals/69/ee/48/69ee486d8945193459cd6e816ba78b56.jpg
- "Diffusion". Photo from the internet.
- "Active Transport", https://i.ytimg.com/vi/EmPfjfmw_O8/hqdefault.jpg
- "Osmosis". Photo from the internet.
- "Root hair cells", https://slideplayer.com/13773525/85/images/slide_1.jpg