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I- The different forms of calcium carbonate
II- Erosion processes as exemplified by the action of heat, water and acids on calcium carbonate
III- Thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate and test for carbon dioxide
Part I
By nature, calcium carbonate occurs in the forms of chalk, limestone and marble.
Formation: The skeletal remains of dead sea animals sink to the seabed. Over millions of years, layer build up and pressure from the top layer changes the bottom layer into chalk.
Earth movements due to earthquake lift the layer of chalk to the Earth's surface.
The earth movements can also cause the layers to sink further. Thus, high pressure and heat cause the chalk to turn into much harder limestone.
The limestone deposit may stay below the Earth for a longer time and due to higher pressure and temperature, the limestone turns to marble.
Part II
Action of Heat
Calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
Action of Water
calcium oxide + water → calcium hydroxide (slaked lime)
Action of Acid
Calcium carbonate + dilute HCl → Calcium Chloride + water + carbon dioxide
Observation: Effervescence occurs
Part III
Thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
Test for Carbon Dioxide: Bubble the gas through limewater
Observation: Turns limewater milky
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