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For this IBDP Biology blog post, we will learn:
- How stomach ulcers are formed
- Causes of ulcers
- The digestion of lipids in different areas of our body
Causes of stomach ulcers
- Stomach ulcers are inflammed and damaged areas in the stomach wall
Heliobacter pylori:
- can survive the acid conditions of the stomac because it secretes urease, which neutralizes the gastric acid to lower the acidity of the stomach for further colonisation
- it also secretes proteases to degrade the mucos lining of the wall, allowing it to burrow in it
Gastric acid:
- The degeneration of the protective lining allows for damage to the stomach, causing ulcers
- The prolonged presence of stomach ulce
Explain lipid digestion in a hydrophilic medium
- Lipids are hydrophobic and hence insoluble within the aqueous environment of the body
- They will group together to form large droplets of fat (fat globules)
- The enzyme responsible for lipid digestion (lipase) is water soluble, and therefore unable to access the interior of the fat globule
- Bile is a watery fluid that contains bile salts and pigments produced by liver stored in the gall bladder
- Bile salt molecules have both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic end
- The hydrophobic end attaches to the lipid while the hydrophilic end interacts with water dividing the globule into smaller droplets (emulsification), increasing the surface area available for enzyme activity
That's the end of this post!
References:
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPeptic_ulcer_disease&psig=AOvVaw2SgfCgpjKCUftQbYug2NyS&ust=1627814958194000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCNC557WRjfICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.old-ib.bioninja.com.au%2Foptions%2Foption-h-further-human-2%2Fh2-digestion.html&psig=AOvVaw1xI9T5PMXLGpfYAbCYWkXD&ust=1627814991219000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCICL7sSRjfICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
Drafted by Venetia (Biology)