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IBDP Biology: Genetics

Genetics

· Biology,genetics,IBDP BIOLOGY,ib biology

In this chapter of IBDP Biology, we will learn about terminologies and inheritence.

Terminologies

  • When it comes to IBDP Biology, Genes - It’s a sequence of bases on a DNA molecule coding for a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
  • Allele - an alternative form of a gene, occupying a specific locus on a chromosome
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  • Genotype - genetic makeup of an organism
  • Phenotype - physical and chemical characteristics that make up the appearance of an organism
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  • When it comes to IBDP Biology, Recessive - Allele-allele that are not reflected in the phenotype when in a heterozygous state but only in a homozygous state
  • Dominant Allele - Allele that are reflected in the phenotype even in a heterozygous state
  • Homozygote - A diploid organism that has inherited the same alleles for any particular gen from both parents
  • Heterozygote -  A diploid organism that has inherited different alleles from each parent.

Monohybrid Inheritance

  • When it comes to IBDP Biology, it involves monohybrid crosses where one gene is considered at a time in a genetic cross.
  • Monohybrid cross involving homozygotes leads to production of offspring with the same phenotype
  • Monohybrid cross involving heterozygotes leads to production of offspring with the following genotypes: Homozygous dominant, Heterozygousm Homozygous recessive
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Test Cross

  • It’s a type of cross that is done in order to reveal the type of parental genotype.
  • If an organism shows a recessive characteristic in its phenotype, it must have a homozygous genotype.
  • If an organism shows dominant characteristics, then it may be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous.
  • Dominant characteristics can only be distinguished from the offspring they produce in a particular cross.
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This is the end of this topic

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IBDP Biology: Cell Membrane
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