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IBDP Biology: Classification --- Part 1

Classification

· biology,IBDP BIOLOGY,IB biology,classification

In this topic of IBDP Biology, we will learn about classification.

Why is classification important?

  • Vast diversity of living organisms – up to 100 million species.
  • Allows us to identify the similarities and differences between organisms.
  • Allows us to identify the evolutionary history of an organism.
  • When it comes to IBDP Biology, it gives every organism a universal name, makes studying easier.
  • Devised solely for human convenience – organisms actually form a continuum.

Concept of a species

  • A group of organisms belong to a species if:
    • They can reproduce together to produce fertile offspring.
      • Closely related species may be able to reproduce to create offspring.
        • These offspring are often infertile, eg mules from horses and donkeys.
        • They cannot produce fertile gametes.
    • When it comes to IBDP Biology, they share observable similarities that members of other species do not possess.
      • Biochemistry
      • DNA
      • Physical similarities
      • Patterns of development - embryology
      • Behavioural
      • Same ecological niche
  • Closely related species may be behaviourally incompatible, so they cannot reproduce.
  • However, this is difficult to define.
    • Eg grizzly and polar bears can reproduce.
    • They have different:
      • Niche – different territories
      • Behaviour – grizzly bears are more aggressive
    • It is not known whether their offspring are fertile.
    • Even if they are, they would still be defied as separate species, unless their hybrids were found to be freely reproducing.

Binomial system

  • Each species is given a unique name
  • When it comes to IBDP Biology, It involves the binomial system.
  • Consists of genus and species in Latin:
    • Eg Homo sapiens

You get it now. Now you can proceed to Part 2.

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IBDP Biology: Classification --- Part 2
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