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I/GCSE Biology: Recycling issues

Recycling issues

· biology,IGCSE,IGCSE Biology,igcse biology,recycling

Do you guys still remember recycling issues in I/GCSE Biology?

A load of rubbish

  • In UK – over 7.6 million tonnes of food wasted

The problem with organic waste  

  • Food + drink wastes = organic – originally come from plants / animals
  • Waste decay as bacteria, fungi grow on them
  • Refer to I/GCSE Biology, most UK waste disposed in landfill sites – once organic waste buried, decay organisms can’t grow – not enough oxygen for aerobic respiration
  • Decay method – methanogens can grow anaerobically – release methane (flammable + global warming)
  • Meat waste attractive to pests e.g. rats, councils ask to separate waste e.g. cans, glass, food etc.
  • Landfill tips vented in a controlled way for many years after tipping has ended, otherwise methane that forms as the refuse decays might explode or create fires that burn below the surface for weeks.

A selection of choices  

  • Manage garden + vegetable kitchen waste = compost heap – waste piled up and microbial decay breaks it down into compost
  • Councils collect this as green waste – make compost in large scale, process called windrow composting – needs space + compost material turned regularly (keep oxygen level hug) no special equipment needed
  • Windrow composting -outdoor composting on a large scale
  • Other councils collect garden + kitchen waste together – composting in large containers until meat waste is broken down, process called In-vessel composting
  • In-vessel composting – forming compost from waste plant material within a large vessel in which conditions of temperature and moisture can be controlled
  • Composting complete by using windrow process
  • Advantage – conditions monitored inside containers + correct moisture + temperature maintained
  • The high temperatures kill pathogens + seeds of weed plants
  • In I/GCSE Biology,  Other process = anaerobic digestion = the breakdown of dead plant and animal material without oxygen
  • Food waste put into large digesters + air is excluded
  • Methanogens break down material + release methane – methane collected, used to produce heat – process can’t use wood waste because microorganisms can’t break it down
  • In all processes, the solid end materials can be used for soil conditioning (gardens, parks etc.)
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