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I/GCSE Biology: Pollution Indicators

Pollution Indicators

· biology,IGCSE Biology,IGCSE,Pollution,igcse biology

Do you guys still remember Pollution Indicators in I/GCSE Biology?

Pollution changes the environment

  • Pollution – damage to the environment or to living things caused by the careless release of waste
  • Pollution from humans = damage to environment + organisms living there
  • Burn fossil fuels – for energy / create other chemicals
  • Many waste gasses = poisonousor acidic – dissolve in water droplets in clouds = forms acid rain
  • Acid rain damaging to animals + plants
  • Pollute water by pouring chemicals into it
  • Difficult to monitor + enforce air and water pollution (illegal)
  • High level of pollution = kills organisms + change in distribution of species
  • Refer to I/GCSE Biology, Pollution indicators – organisms whose presence or absence indicates the existence of pollution in a given area

Lichens and air pollution 

  • Lichen – an organisms formed from a fungus and lichen that can live in extreme conditions; used as an indicator of air pollution
    • Found on trees / walls
    • Some grow in no pollution, some grow in different kinds of pollution
    • Sulphur dioxide pollution decreased due to lichens

Aquatic invertebrates as pollution indictors

  • Most aquatic organisms get oxygen from water (for respiration) – not from air
  • Fertilisers + sewage contain nitrogen + phosphate – if drained in water then plants, algae, bacteria grow rapidly + use up oxygen in respiration
  • In I/GCSE Biology,  Organisms die because oxygen concentration drops – can’t get oxygen they need
  • Some survive in water with little oxygen – special adaptation
  • Bloodworm = red – contains haemoglobin – combines with oxygen (like in red blood cells)
  • Can use the presence or absence of species to indicate how polluted water is

That's all~

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