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I/GCSE Biology - Fossils and Evolution

Edexcel Biology Fossils and Evolution

· igcse biology,gcse biology,fossils,evolution,edexcel

What can fossils tell us about the history of life on Earth?🌏

Fossils are the preserved traces or remains of organisms that live thousands or millions of years ago.

  • We find fossils when the rocks containing them are weathered
  • The history of life on earth as shown by the fossils from different periods of time are known as fossil record
  • This suggests that organisms have changed gradually through time (process called evolution)
  • Soft tissue and decay do not usual form fossils, so soft-bodied organisms leave littlel fossil evidence behind
  • Other dead organisms did not form fossils because the hard parts were destroyed 
  • Many fossils are buried deep in the earth and have no yet been found
  • These gaps mean that scientists must interpret how organisms changed over time from incomplete data
  • The same sets of fossil data can be interpreted in different ways, often because fossils are frequently damaged or incomplete
  • The more fossil evidence we can collect, the better conclusions we can draw
  • We can date fossils accurately now and use computers to model how the organism might have looked 
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More evidence for evolution🦍

This may be asked in I/GCSE Biology

  • Most vertebrates have limbs, and though the limbs may look very different on the outside, the internal bones structure is similar. This is also true of fossil vertebrates
  • Even fossil ancestors of limbless living vertebrates have the same basic five fingered (pentadactyl) limb structure
  • This suggests that all vertebrates evolve from one common ancestor hundreds of millions of years ago
  • Looking at the fossil record, scientists can explain the evolution of different forms of pentadactyl limb in different vertebrate species as adaptations to different ways of living and moving.
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Drafted by Catrina (Biology)

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