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I/GCSE Biology - Blood Vessels

Edexcel Biology Blood Vessels

· igcse biology,gcse biology,edexcel,blood vessels,capillaries

Blood Vessels are Designed for Their Function

There are three different types of blood vessel

You will have to know about all of them in I/GCSE Biology

  • Arteries- take blood away from the heart
  • Capillaries- these are involved in the exchange of materials at the tissues
  • Veins- take blood to the heart
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Arteries Carry Blood Under Pressure

  • The heart pumps the blood out at high pressure so the artery walls are strong and elastic
  • The walls are thick compared to the size of the hole down the middle (the lumen) They contain think layers of muscle to make them strong
  • The largest artery in the body is the Aorta

Capillaries are really small

  • Arteries branch into capillaries
  • Capillaries are really tiny- too small to see
  • They carry the blood really close to every cell in the body to exchange substances with the,
  • They have permeable walls, so substances can diffuse in and out
  • They supply food and oxygen, and take away wastes like CO2
  • Their walls are usually only one cell think. This increases the rate of diffusion by decreasing the distance over which it happens

Veins Take Blood Back to the Heart

  • Capillaries eventually join up to form veins
  • The blood is at lower pressure in the veins so the walls don't need to be as thick as artery walls
  • They have a bigger lumen than arteries to help the blood flow despite the lower pressure
  • They also have valves to help keep the blood flowing in the right direction
  • The largest vein in the body is the vena cava

Reference: https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Oq3SbxO8RB0/maxresdefault.jpg

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Drafted by Catrina (Biology)

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