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CHEM - Describing Tests for Anions

Chemistry, Chemical Tests, Anions- IBDP | DSE | GCE | IAL | AP Chemistry

· chemistry,question analysis,chemical tests,anions,qualitative analysis

Jumping right into the example😎

Part I

Procedure: During the test, dissolve the sample in water. Then, add an equal amount of dilute nitric acid, followed by several drops of silver nitrate solution. Cl-, Br- and I- can be identified based on the observations.

1) Ag+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) → AgCl (s)

🧐​Formation of a white precipitate

2) Ag+ (aq) + Br- (aq) → AgBr (s)

🧐​Formation of a creamy precipitate

3) Ag+ (aq) + I- (aq) → AgI (s)

🧐​Formation of a yellow precipitate

Part II

Procedure: To test for SO42- ions, first add a few drops of barium chloride solution. Then add dilute hydrochloric acid.

BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + BaSO4(s)

❗️​❗️​Formation of a white precipitate BaSO4(s)​ which is insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid indicates the presence of SO42- ions

Part III

Procedure: During the test, add dilute hydrochloric acid to the sample containing CO32-.

CO32- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) → CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

❗️​❗️​CO2(g) is given off

*CO2(g) turns limewater milky

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