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In this chapter of AS/A-level Biology, we will study the topic, Genes and Health. We will learn passive transport, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis. We will also discuss the involvement of carrier and channel proteins in membrane transport.
How newly made proteins end up as glycoproteins on the cell membrane
- Proteins are released from the ribosomes
- They are packaged into rough ER vesicles
- The vesicles move towards the golgi apparatus and the fuse with it
- In AS/A-level Biology, proteins are modified here
- They are packaged into vesicles
- The vesicles move and fuse will the cell membrane
- Exocytosis uses ATP
The involvement of carrier and channel proteins in membrane transport
What are the differences between active transport and diffusion? [3]
- Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP, diffusion is passive transport
- In AS/A-level Biology, Active transport occurs against a concentration gradient
- Active transport uses carrier proteins found in cell membranes
Describe the role of proteins in active transport [4]
- A molecule binds to a carrier protein
- The carrier protein changes shape
- The carrier protein moves the molecule against a concentration gradient
- It uses ATP
Describe the role of proteins in facilitated diffusion
- To transport large/ charged/ polar molecules
- Using carrier and channel proteins
- In AS/A-level Biology, Carrier proteins change shape, channel proteins open and close
- Molecules will move down a concentration gradient
How are channel proteins involved in passive transport? [3]
- They open and close
- They move molecules by diffusion down a concentration gradient
- They allow the transport of large/ charged/ polar molecules
Although it may be dull, this part in the topic is important and you managed to finish it! Good job!!
