Let's look at amides in Orgainc Chemistry of A-Level Chemistry and see what's unique about this group!
Amides
Amides contain the functional group: CONH2
Primary amide: RCONH2
Formed by the reaction of ammonia with an acyl chloride
Secondary amide: RCONHR
Formed by the reaction of an amine with an acyl chloride
Hydrolysis of Amides
Hydrolysis means bond breaking through reaction with water. When amides are hydrolysed, it is the C-N bond that breaks.
The reaction can be catalysed by acid or alkali, leading to the formation of slightly different products.
Acid Hydrolysis
Conditions:
- moderately concentrated acid such as hydrochloric acid
- heat under reflux
Product: carboxylic acid and a substituted ammonium ion
Alkali Hydrolysis
Conditions:
- moderately concentrated alkali such as sodium hydroxide
- heat under reflux
Product: carboxylate anion and an amine
Drafted by Eunice (Chemistry)
References:
https://www.masterorganicchemistry.com/2018/02/28/amides-properties-synthesis-and-nomenclature/
https://www.masterorganicchemistry.com/2019/10/07/amide-hydrolysis/