October 26, 2022
Characteristics of living things
Movement
- Respiration
- Sensitivity
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Excretion
- Nutrition
Cells
Eukaryotic cell - Has membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic cell - Has NO membrane bound organelles
- Cell membrane controls entry and exit of substances into a cell.
- is where chemical reactions take place.
- Nucleus controls the activities of the cell.
- is where aerobic respiration takes place.
- Ribosomes play a role in protein synthesis.
- Vacuoles are filled with cell sap that contains dissolved sugars and mineral salts
- carry out photosynthesis and is filled with chlorophyll
- Cell wall is made of cellulose, protects and supports the cell
CELL TISSUE --> TISSUE --> ORGAN --> ORGAN SYSTEM
- A group of _____ working together to perform the same function.
- Organ systems - Digestive system, Endocrine System, Reproductive system, Circulatory system, Respiratory system, Nervous system, Excretory system
In IGCSE biology, differentiation means process where cells are specialised.
Stem cells - Have the ability to divide many times without differenciating.
- Embryonic --> can differenciate into any time of cell.
- Adult --> cannot differenciate and only produces Red Blood Cells.
Kingdoms – Plants, Protoctists, Animals, Fungi, Bacteria
- Bacterial cell- Pathogenic/non-pathogenic and Unicellular
- – Non-living, Pathogenic and DO NOT-excrete, respire, grow
- – Unicellular/multicellular
- – have thread-like structures called hyphae that form a network called mycelium, carry out saprotrophic nutrition- extracellular secretion of enzymes onto dead matter.
(glucose --> ethanol + carbon dioxide) -yeast
End of this topic!
Drafted by Gina (Biology)