• When it comes to IBDP Biology, Genes - It’s a sequence of bases on a DNA molecule coding for a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
• Allele - an alternative form of a gene, occupying a specific locus on a chromosome

• Genotype - genetic makeup of an organism
• Phenotype - physical and chemical characteristics that make up the appearance of an organism

• When it comes to IBDP Biology, Recessive - Allele-allele that are not reflected in the phenotype when in a heterozygous state but only in a homozygous state
• Dominant Allele - Allele that are reflected in the phenotype even in a heterozygous state
• Homozygote - A diploid organism that has inherited the same alleles for any particular gen from both parents
• Heterozygote -  A diploid organism that has inherited different alleles from each parent.

• When it comes to IBDP Biology, it involves monohybrid crosses where one gene is considered at a time in a genetic cross.
• Monohybrid cross involving homozygotes leads to production of offspring with the same phenotype
• Monohybrid cross involving heterozygotes leads to production of offspring with the following genotypes: Homozygous dominant, Heterozygousm Homozygous recessive

• It’s a type of cross that is done in order to reveal the type of parental genotype.
• If an organism shows a recessive characteristic in its phenotype, it must have a homozygous genotype.
• If an organism shows dominant characteristics, then it may be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous.
• Dominant characteristics can only be distinguished from the offspring they produce in a particular cross.

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