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I/GCSE Chemistry- Carbonates

Triple and Double award

August 15, 2021

In this I/GCSE Chemistry blog post, we will be looking at different carbonates.

Limestone (calcium carbonate - CaCO3) is used as a building material and in the manufacture of:

  • Iron – in the blast furnace
  • Glass – heated with sand and soda (sodium carbonate)
  • Cement – heated with clay in a kiln
  • Concrete/ mortar – mixed with sand and water (and crushed rock)
  • Lime – thermal decomposition 

Lime/ quicklime (calcium oxide - CaO) is made from limestone (calcium carbonate – CaCO3) by thermal decomposition. 

Calcium carbonate CaCO3 + heat -----> calcium oxide CaO + carbon dioxide CO2 

  • Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide - Ca(OH)2) is formed by the reaction of calcium oxide and water which is very exothermic. 
  • The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide (as above). 
  • This then reacts with silica (sand) impurities in the haematite
  • Calcium oxide CaO(s) + silica SiO2(s) -----> calcium silicate CaSiO3(l) 

This reaction is a neutralisation reaction. 

  • Calcium oxide is basic (as it is a metal oxide) and silica is acidic (as it is a non-metal oxide).   

That is all!

References:

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D9LDG9cnGlDo&psig=AOvVaw17SfvTaLmHwcIYmyTheMx4&ust=1629130907050000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCIiDk9y3s_ICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.quora.com%2FWhat-are-some-uses-of-limestone&psig=AOvVaw152H8IPyvqMIHxJCWCoZ6D&ust=1629130967918000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCICeqfe3s_ICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD