Note: Bacteria - B; Virus - V

• In I/GCSE Biology, for a Bubble boy
• B and V release toxins (poisonous chemicals) and they make you ill
• B and V prevent cells from working properly
• Headache, fever, feeling sick (symptoms)
• B inside you multiply every 20 min
• Viruses multiply inside cells by entering them, using the chemicals inside there to multiply. New V bursts out of cell to invade another – damages / destroys cell

In I/GCSE Biology,

• White blood cells – specialized cells that defend your body against pathogens
• Some WBC ingest = take into the cell any pathogen, once inside the WBC releases enzymes to digest and destroy pathogen
• Other WBC release antibodies (chemicals)
• Certain type of antibody = can only destroy certain type of pathogen
• Step 1 – V gets inside body
• Step 2 –WBC make antibodies and memory cells
• Step 3 – antibodies attack V and kill it
• Step 4 – if V enters body again then memory cells know what kind of antibody to make
• Step 5 – IM IMMUNE
• WBC produce antitoxins = chemicals which prevent toxins made by pathogens poisoning your body

• Unlikely to develop disease again once WBC destroyed pathogen
• Why = next time pathogen comes, WBC release the antibody and destroy the pathogen before you can get affected

Well done! You got it.

CLICK HERE TO LEARN MORE ABOUT OUR I/GCSE BIOLOGY COURSES