April 20, 2020
The kidneys maintain constant water content of the body fluid by maintaining constant water potential through regulating the amount of water and salts in blood.👀
Losing Too Much Water💧
- When we lose water through sweating or severe bleeding blood becomes concentrated and its water potential decreases to a value lower than normal.
- The decrease in water potential is detected by the Osmoreceptors in the Hypothlamus of the brain that stimulates the pitutiary gland to secrete more ADH ( antidiuretic hormone).
- The wall of the collecting duct becomes more permeable to water and a greater proportion of water is reabsorbed by osmosis from the urine in the collecting duct into the surrounding blood capillaries.
- Hence a small volume of concentrated urine is produced. This raises the water potential of blood back to normal.✌️
When We Gain Too Much Water💦
- Drinking a large amount of water makes our blood diluted and its water potential increases to a value higher than normal.
- The increase in water potential is detected by the Osmoreceptors in the Hypothlamus of the brain that inhibits the pituitary gland to secrete ADH.
- Due to less ADH the wall of collecting duct becomes less permeable to water and a small proportion of water is reabsorbed by osmosis from the urine in the collecting duct into the surrounding blood capillaries.
- Hence a large volume of dilute urine is produced , which lowers the water potential of blood back to normal.👌
Of the total amount of water reabsorbed by th kidneys , only a small amount is regulated by the antidiuretic hormone ( ADH) because large amount of water is reabsorbed by Osmosis in the coiled tubules.
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